There was a day when American cars were American-made. But with the globalization of everything, it’s highly unlikely any modern make or model is an authentic American build. People like Frank DuBois keep track of these things. DuBois is a global supply chain expert and associate professor at American University’s business school. He created the Kogod Made in American Auto Index, a ranking of vehicles by the percentage of American manufacture. On this year’s list, for example, a Cadillac XT6 is listed at a 47% rating. That means, in short, only 47% of GM’s luxury SUV is American-made.

Yet, when we pop the hood of a domestic car, we expect to find an American-made engine in the bay. It goes back to the history of Detroit manufacture and the competition of engine power, quality, and popularity between the Big Three. Whether it is Ford versus Chevy or Ford versus Dodge, American brands have battled for ascendance. Amidst this competition, it’s counterintuitive that a foreign-made engine powers any domestic car. But it happens. That’s why we have compiled a list of 10 American cars that were built with an engine from the international supply chain.

10 Lincoln LS - Jaguar Engine

The Lincoln LS was a four-door sedan available briefly in model years 2000 to 2006. Ford Motor Company's Lincoln division built the LS with a Jaguar S-Type engine stacked on the Ford DEW98 platform. The luxury sedan was available in two builds, either a 3.0-liter Jaguar V6 or a 3.9-liter or a 3.9-liter Jaguar V8. It was a very fine example of the long-running Lincoln model, first introduced by Ford in 1922.

Related: Here's Why Gearheads Won't Touch The Lincoln LS

9 Ford Probe - Mazda Engine

The Ford Probe was discontinued in 1997. The 2-door hatchback had a relatively good run, being introduced in 1988. The front-wheel drive sports coupe was built with an MX-6 Mazda engine and a Mazda transmission. It's not widely known that Ford originally planned to make the Probe the next-generation Mustang. Alas, selling a Mustang with a Japanese engine did not go over with Americans and muscle car enthusiasts alike. However, the Probe, on its own, was actually a pretty sporty ride while it lasted.

8 Saturn Vue Red Line - Honda Engine

Believe it or not, the Saturn Vue Red Line was a high-performance SUV. Available from 2004 to 2007, it was one of the fastest crossover SUVs you could buy at the time. It was equipped with a Honda 3.5-liter V6. The Saturn Vue Red Line went on the market in 2002, originally, with a sluggish 2.2-liter 4-cylinder engine. Then, in 2004, it was upgraded with a zippier engine. It was quick. The high-performance Saturn Vue accelerated from 0 to 60 mph in 6.6 seconds.

7 Chevrolet Tracker - Suzuki Engine

We first saw the Chevrolet Tracker in 1989. It was a small SUV equipped with 4-wheel drive, offering decent off-road capability. A robust front suspension added to its off-road prowess. The Chevy Tracker was also known as a Geo Tracker. It was made with a Suzuki engine in Canada at General Motors' CAMI factory, a partnership with Chevy. The Tracker was actually a rebadge of the Suzuki Sidekick, as well as the lesser known Vitara. The model went off the market in 1998.

6 Lincoln Mark VII - BMW Engine

For a brief two years, the Lincoln Mark VII luxury coupe hosted an engine by BMW. It was a BMW diesel 2.4-liter six-cylinder with 115 hp. The reason Ford pivoted from the Mark VII's former V8 to diesel was to make the VII more fuel efficient. Ford also lightened the curb weight for the same reason. All this was in response to the ‘80s oil crisis. But American car buyers turned their backs on diesel. So, by 1986, the Mark VII was fitted with a 200-hp V8 gas engine.

Related: Here Is What We Miss About The Lincoln Mark VII

5 Chevrolet Nova - Toyota Engine

The 1988 Chevrolet Nova Twin-Cam hatchback made an impression, but it went out after one year as its nova namesake implies. It was a unique automobile. The Nova was built at General Motors’ then-new NUMMI plant in Fremont, California. The factory represented a Chevy partnership with Toyota. And that explains why the Chevy Nova was built with a Toyota engine. It was a 4-valve, dual overhead camshaft engine boasting high performance. This vehicle was built like a sports car, but, honestly, just look at it. All said, only 3,300 Chevy Novas were manufactured, and then it was gone.

4 Jeep Grand Cherokee - Italian Engine

The Jeep Grand Cherokee used to be part-Italian engineering. Ever since the 2014 model, a turbodiesel V6 was under the hood. The 3.0-liter V6 diesel is made by Italian manufacturer VM Motori. It is also referred to as the EcoDiesel engine. This is what drove the Jeep SUV model since 2014. It was used by Chrysler up until the release of the 2022 Grand Cherokee. With the new model, it was announced the Cherokee would return to a gasoline engine.

Related: Which Jeep Grand Cherokee Engine Is The Most Reliable?

3 Chrysler Conquest - Mitsubishi Engine

This 1983 sporty 2-door coupe was built by Chrysler, but its inline-4 was made by Mitsubishi. The Japanese engine had 150 hp and rivaled Japanese fuel-efficient, turbocharged sports cars. Few knew the Conquest was Japanese on the inside. But now we know the Conquest was basically identical to the Mitsubishi Station hatchback, only with Chrysler’s badge.

2 Ford Ranger - Mazda Engine

The Ford Ranger became available as a compact truck in 1982. By 1985, Ford went with a Japanese manufacturer for the Ranger engine. It was a 2.3-liter turbodiesel made by Mazda. The 86 hp, 134 lb-ft of torque powertrain was significantly better than the previous build, which happened to be a Perkins-built turbodiesel. The Mazda engine was only used in the 1985 and 1986 Ford Ranger models. However, Ford remade a similar engine called Duratec, which is based on the Mazda L-series 4-cylinder.

1 Dodge Ram 50 - Mitsubishi Engine

In 1979, the Dodge Ram 50 compact pickup truck was introduced by Dodge. It was a humble beginning for the Ram brand. The fuel-efficient Ram 50 leaned on a Mitsubishi Mighty Max L200. The Mitsubishi inline-4 supplied 106 hp and offered a 1,500 lbs payload. The Ram 50 small truck model held its place in the Dodge truck lineup until 1994.